Science: Biology
Science for this quarter is biology, we learn about cell, genes and chromosome, and using microscope . We learn more of how cell works in different tissues, systems, and organs, we also learn how cells keep divide, chromosome pairs, how genes affects our physical and personal trait, how to use microscope, and more. Biology its a very interesting subject, personally in my opinion this is a fun and interesting subject. One of the sample work is my research essay about Genetic Modified Organism (GMO). GMO is where and organism gene is modified, and most of GMO is to support the earth. This assignment is where we should research about the GMO we're interested in and create an essay.
GM Mosquitoes
Jakobus Geral Pantouw
Science 10
Alissa Gouw
21 October 2013
GM Mosquitoes
Genetic Modified Organisms are created by modifying the genes of plants or animal. This means they are created by modifying genes or creating new genes or DNA produced to a species genome using genetic engineering technique. Genetic engineering technique first used in 1980s to make copies of genes or proteins, to determine gene function, and to create models for human disease. Now GMOs are used to give a good impact towards the community, they are modified in a way it’s advantageous to people. Most GMOs are to make life easier for humans, such as protecting human from disease of a species, increasing the production of food, medication of crops, etc.
‘Sudden Death Mosquitos’, this problem deals with mosquitos causing one million deaths each year and another 300 million people are infected by the attack of Malaria. Another dilemma is dengue fever, which causes intense pain and death. This is caused by the plasmodium inside the mosquitoes that gives infection to human. Malaria and dengue fever had attacked mostly in parts of Africa, Asia, South and Central America; occur in rustic region. Most people wipe out the mosquitos with toxic gas but that could also harm humans and enviroment. It is also not possible that killing mosquitoes can prevent dengue and malaria, there is too much population of mosquitoes. However there are applicable applications of GMO to prevent dengue and malaria. Using GMO is safer than using toxic gas, GMO doesn’t harm humans because it focuses to the genes of the mosquitoes and doesn’t give any disadvantages to the environment and socially.
Malaria is caused by the infection of female anopheles mosquito. Scientist comes up with malaria fighting mosquitoes, these types of mosquitoes have been genetically modified to prevent infection by the malaria parasite. With the components of the resistance from GM mosquitoes it would be impossible give infection to the female anopheles mosquito. Basically it gives new power for controlling the disease resisting infection. However these GM mosquitoes can’t be release yet to the environment. “The researchers caution that their studies are still at an early stage, and that it could be 10 years or more before engineered insects are released into the environment.” (“GM mosquitos ‘could fight malaria’”). But after nine generations of 70% of the mosquitoes are malaria resistant as it reproduce more of the GM mosquitoes, since the modified mosquitoes had a higher survival rate and laid more eggs. Dengue fever, similar to malaria but dengue have affected worldwide. Even though malaria is severely damaging certain regions, but dengue have actively affect globally. For now most biotech company focusing on dengue fever, which can lead to excruciating pain and death, but in the future companies hope to help malaria as well.
Dengue fever is caused by the bite of an infected Aedas agypti species of mosquito. When this mosquito bites the infection shares to human blood as it develops inside the blood. These infections have developed in cities and urban areas. In solving dengue fever scientist said they can wipe out or decrease mosquito populations by breeding genetically modified male mosquitoes, then releasing them to mate with wild females. Since their offspring contain lethal genes that kill them young before they can reproduce. The process starts injecting small amount of DNA of a mosquito egg. Many of the eggs injected won’t survive, but very few eggs, the injected or new DNA will be taken up by the mosquito’s cells and pasted into its genome. Then in the sperm cells of a male mosquito the new DNA can be passed on to their offspring. The DNA which was injected contains lethal gene making it possible to kill them young. However same as malaria GM mosquitoes, it is not possible to wipe out the Aedas agypti species of mosquito, even though it would’ve been a satisfactory. “It would be impossible to irradiate the species; it’s already in 110 countries. But we can try and tackle major dengue transmission areas,” (“GM Mosquitos: Risky Experiment or life saver?”).
From malaria and dengue can be seen that both are not possibly release the GM mosquitoes yet, and this affects the environmental and moral factor. People are expecting that the GM mosquitoes would be release so there will be less pain and deaths but still none of the GM mosquitoes are release to the environment. The environments are still polluted by the infected mosquitoes and still actively causing death. If the GM mosquitoes are released it is possible communities are more satisfied and less death and pain. A better environment would be better with the less use of toxic gas which can damage the atmosphere, GM mosquitoes are environmental friendly and they are a good solution in fighting the mosquitoes. This is related to morality because if in certain region the GM mosquitoes are release, this certain community would increase their moral. The community would be proud to stay living in this community since they would feel safe. The increasing moral of a community would create a better environment and impact in the certain region.
This also relate to social factor, because GM mosquitoes can prevent the infection attacking certain region that gives a better life for people. If it does prevent malaria and dengue more population would live in the certain region and provide a better social life. Though there is still this ethical issue preventing a better environment and the increase of moral of communities, because it is very difficult to predict to release the GM mosquitoes. Though this issue makes sense since there are a lot of research needs to be done. "There is quite a lot of research that needs to be done, both in terms of genetics and the ecology of the mosquitoes; and also research to address all the social, ethical and legal issues associated with releasing transgenic organisms into the environment." (“GM mosquitos ‘could fight malaria’”). In conclusion GM mosquitoes are actually a very effective way to save human, but it takes time a lot of time.
Bibliography
Charmain, Mike. “What Is the Purpose of GMOs?” eHow. Web. 2013. < http://www.ehow.com/about_6633930_purpose-gmos_.html>
Malandra, Ocean. “How Do GMOs Work?” eHow. Web. 2013.<http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4895758_gmos-work.html#ixzz2gQfmCgzm>
“Introduction to Genetically Modified Organisms”. Genetics Generation. Web. 2013. <http://knowgenetics.org/introduction-to-genetically-modified-organisms-gmos/>
“10 Genetically Modified Animals”. Listverse. Web. 2013. <http://listverse.com/2013/07/26/top-10-gm-animals-you-can-buy-or-eat/>
“Engineered Mosquitoes Could Wipe Out Dengue Fever”. Planet Earth. Web. 2013. <http://www.wired.com/science/planetearth/news/2008/01/gm_insects>
“GM mosquitoes: Risky experiment or life saver?” RT. July 17 2012. Web. 2013. <http://rt.com/news/gm-mosquitos-malaria-experiment-317/>
“GM mosquito ‘could fight malaria’”. BBC News. March 19 2007. Web. 2013. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6468381.stm>
“Mosquitoes Genetically-Engineered to Self Destruct Could Wipe Out Dengue Fever”. Gizmodo. October 24 2011. Web. 2013. <http://gizmodo.com/5852703/mosquitoes-genetically+engineered-to-self-destruct-could- wipe-out-dengue-fever>
Science 10
Alissa Gouw
21 October 2013
GM Mosquitoes
Genetic Modified Organisms are created by modifying the genes of plants or animal. This means they are created by modifying genes or creating new genes or DNA produced to a species genome using genetic engineering technique. Genetic engineering technique first used in 1980s to make copies of genes or proteins, to determine gene function, and to create models for human disease. Now GMOs are used to give a good impact towards the community, they are modified in a way it’s advantageous to people. Most GMOs are to make life easier for humans, such as protecting human from disease of a species, increasing the production of food, medication of crops, etc.
‘Sudden Death Mosquitos’, this problem deals with mosquitos causing one million deaths each year and another 300 million people are infected by the attack of Malaria. Another dilemma is dengue fever, which causes intense pain and death. This is caused by the plasmodium inside the mosquitoes that gives infection to human. Malaria and dengue fever had attacked mostly in parts of Africa, Asia, South and Central America; occur in rustic region. Most people wipe out the mosquitos with toxic gas but that could also harm humans and enviroment. It is also not possible that killing mosquitoes can prevent dengue and malaria, there is too much population of mosquitoes. However there are applicable applications of GMO to prevent dengue and malaria. Using GMO is safer than using toxic gas, GMO doesn’t harm humans because it focuses to the genes of the mosquitoes and doesn’t give any disadvantages to the environment and socially.
Malaria is caused by the infection of female anopheles mosquito. Scientist comes up with malaria fighting mosquitoes, these types of mosquitoes have been genetically modified to prevent infection by the malaria parasite. With the components of the resistance from GM mosquitoes it would be impossible give infection to the female anopheles mosquito. Basically it gives new power for controlling the disease resisting infection. However these GM mosquitoes can’t be release yet to the environment. “The researchers caution that their studies are still at an early stage, and that it could be 10 years or more before engineered insects are released into the environment.” (“GM mosquitos ‘could fight malaria’”). But after nine generations of 70% of the mosquitoes are malaria resistant as it reproduce more of the GM mosquitoes, since the modified mosquitoes had a higher survival rate and laid more eggs. Dengue fever, similar to malaria but dengue have affected worldwide. Even though malaria is severely damaging certain regions, but dengue have actively affect globally. For now most biotech company focusing on dengue fever, which can lead to excruciating pain and death, but in the future companies hope to help malaria as well.
Dengue fever is caused by the bite of an infected Aedas agypti species of mosquito. When this mosquito bites the infection shares to human blood as it develops inside the blood. These infections have developed in cities and urban areas. In solving dengue fever scientist said they can wipe out or decrease mosquito populations by breeding genetically modified male mosquitoes, then releasing them to mate with wild females. Since their offspring contain lethal genes that kill them young before they can reproduce. The process starts injecting small amount of DNA of a mosquito egg. Many of the eggs injected won’t survive, but very few eggs, the injected or new DNA will be taken up by the mosquito’s cells and pasted into its genome. Then in the sperm cells of a male mosquito the new DNA can be passed on to their offspring. The DNA which was injected contains lethal gene making it possible to kill them young. However same as malaria GM mosquitoes, it is not possible to wipe out the Aedas agypti species of mosquito, even though it would’ve been a satisfactory. “It would be impossible to irradiate the species; it’s already in 110 countries. But we can try and tackle major dengue transmission areas,” (“GM Mosquitos: Risky Experiment or life saver?”).
From malaria and dengue can be seen that both are not possibly release the GM mosquitoes yet, and this affects the environmental and moral factor. People are expecting that the GM mosquitoes would be release so there will be less pain and deaths but still none of the GM mosquitoes are release to the environment. The environments are still polluted by the infected mosquitoes and still actively causing death. If the GM mosquitoes are released it is possible communities are more satisfied and less death and pain. A better environment would be better with the less use of toxic gas which can damage the atmosphere, GM mosquitoes are environmental friendly and they are a good solution in fighting the mosquitoes. This is related to morality because if in certain region the GM mosquitoes are release, this certain community would increase their moral. The community would be proud to stay living in this community since they would feel safe. The increasing moral of a community would create a better environment and impact in the certain region.
This also relate to social factor, because GM mosquitoes can prevent the infection attacking certain region that gives a better life for people. If it does prevent malaria and dengue more population would live in the certain region and provide a better social life. Though there is still this ethical issue preventing a better environment and the increase of moral of communities, because it is very difficult to predict to release the GM mosquitoes. Though this issue makes sense since there are a lot of research needs to be done. "There is quite a lot of research that needs to be done, both in terms of genetics and the ecology of the mosquitoes; and also research to address all the social, ethical and legal issues associated with releasing transgenic organisms into the environment." (“GM mosquitos ‘could fight malaria’”). In conclusion GM mosquitoes are actually a very effective way to save human, but it takes time a lot of time.
Bibliography
Charmain, Mike. “What Is the Purpose of GMOs?” eHow. Web. 2013. < http://www.ehow.com/about_6633930_purpose-gmos_.html>
Malandra, Ocean. “How Do GMOs Work?” eHow. Web. 2013.<http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4895758_gmos-work.html#ixzz2gQfmCgzm>
“Introduction to Genetically Modified Organisms”. Genetics Generation. Web. 2013. <http://knowgenetics.org/introduction-to-genetically-modified-organisms-gmos/>
“10 Genetically Modified Animals”. Listverse. Web. 2013. <http://listverse.com/2013/07/26/top-10-gm-animals-you-can-buy-or-eat/>
“Engineered Mosquitoes Could Wipe Out Dengue Fever”. Planet Earth. Web. 2013. <http://www.wired.com/science/planetearth/news/2008/01/gm_insects>
“GM mosquitoes: Risky experiment or life saver?” RT. July 17 2012. Web. 2013. <http://rt.com/news/gm-mosquitos-malaria-experiment-317/>
“GM mosquito ‘could fight malaria’”. BBC News. March 19 2007. Web. 2013. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6468381.stm>
“Mosquitoes Genetically-Engineered to Self Destruct Could Wipe Out Dengue Fever”. Gizmodo. October 24 2011. Web. 2013. <http://gizmodo.com/5852703/mosquitoes-genetically+engineered-to-self-destruct-could- wipe-out-dengue-fever>
Reflection
I'm satisfied that I got 5 for both criteria even though I expect to get 6 in one of the criteria. I almost get 6 though there's little mistakes that cause me to get 6. One of it is unclear information that is actually hard to explain and I can't figure it out, in the end it is unclear. So to improve that kind of mistake I should really understand the information and analyse it then it is possible that I could use scientific words that makes it easier to understand. So it is important to pay attention on the choice of words for every essay.
Intercultural Awareness
Basically the relation of intercultural awareness is only from the assignment of GMO essay. Since GMO it's a worldwide experiment and it can solve problems in certain area. My essay is about GM mosquitoes that focuses more at Africa region, and I'm sure my friends with different topic of GMO have different issue(s) in different country or city/region. So this increase my awareness and knowledge that other parts of the world have global issues and that GMO is helping worldwide to save the certain region.